Ati Diagnostic Template Dka (2024)

FAQs

What are the 3 diagnostic criteria for DKA? ›

Commonly accepted criteria for diabetic ketoacidosis are blood glucose greater than 250 mg/dl, arterial pH less than 7.3, serum bicarbonate less than 15 mEq/l, and the presence of ketonemia or ketonuria.

The initial laboratory evaluation of a patient with suspected DKA includes blood levels of glucose, ketones, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, electrolytes, calculated anion gap, arterial blood gases, osmolality, complete blood count with differential, blood cultures and urine studies including ketones, urinalysis, ...

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) involves a combination of hyperglycemia, acidosis, and ketones. It is diagnosed when (1) the blood glucose is >11 mmol/L; (2) capillary pH is <7.3 and/or capillary bicarbonate is <18 mmol/L; and (3) ketones are present in the blood and/or urine (see below).

Other Symptoms of DKA to Look Out For

Excessive thirst, urination, and appetite are known as the “three Ps” of diabetic ketoacidosis—polydipsia, polyuria, and polyphasia, respectively.

DKA presents with vague symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. Other symptoms include increased thirst and urination. Kussmaul breathing (labored deep breathing) and fruity odor are specific signs present on examination of a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis [3].

The most commonly used diagnostic criteria for DKA are plasma glucose >250 mg/dL (>13.9 mmol/L), arterial pH <7.3, presence of ketonemia and/or ketonuria.

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is an emergency condition characterized by hyperglycemia, metabolic acidosis, and hyperketonemia.

Blood beta-hydroxybutyrate levels measured by a reagent strip (Ketostix, N-Multistix, and Labstix) and serum ketone levels assessed by the nitroprusside reaction are equally effective in diagnosing DKA in uncomplicated cases. The Acetest and Ketostix products measure blood and urine acetone and acetoacetic acid.

The mainstay of treatment for Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) involves intravenous insulin administration to lower blood glucose levels, intravenous fluids to correct dehydration and electrolyte imbalances, and potassium supplementation to address hypokalemia.

Patients with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) may usually appear cachexic, diaphoretic or obtunded. Physical examination of patients with DKA is usually remarkable for hypothermia, hypotension, tachycardia, tachypnea, kussmaul breathing pattern, acanthosis nigricans, nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain.

What are the 3 priority goals of management of DKA? ›

When treating patients with DKA, the following points must be considered and closely monitored: Correction of fluid loss with intravenous fluids. Correction of hyperglycemia with insulin. Correction of electrolyte disturbances, particularly potassium loss.

An analysis of 1000 cases of diabetic ketoacidosis has suggested to the authors their classification into four evolutive stages: incipient ketoacidosis (normal pH, decrease of total CO2, between 20--26 mMol/l and of excess bases between -2 and -5 mMol/l), moderate ketoacidosis (pH 7.31-7.35, total CO2, between 15--19.9 ...